Table 2 Patient characteristics according to smoking status
From: Effect of tobacco use on cadmium accumulation in the oral keratinized mucosa
Non-smokers (n = 19) | Smokers (n = 21) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean ± SD | 54,42 ± 15,84 | 49,86 ± 13,15 | 0,326 |
Gender, n(%) | |||
Female | 14(73,7) | 3(14,3) | < 0,001 |
Male | 5(26,3) | 18(85,7) | |
Seafood consumption frequency, n(%) | |||
Never | 8(42,1) | 2(9,5) | 0,132 |
One day a month | 7(36,8) | 9(42,9) | |
once every two weeks | 2(10,5) | 5(23,8) | |
One day per week | 2(10,5) | 3(14,3) | |
3–4 days a week | 0(0) | 2(9,5) | |
Rice consumption frequency, n(%) | |||
Never | 0(0) | 1(4,8) | 0,592 |
One day a month | 2(10,5) | 4(19) | |
once every two weeks | 2(10,5) | 1(4,8) | |
One day per week | 10(52,6) | 7(33,3) | |
3–4 days a week | 5(26,3) | 8(38,1) | |
Tuberous vegetables consumption frequency, n(%) | |||
Never | 0(0) | 1(4,8) | 0,580 |
One day a month | 1(5,3) | 1(4,8) | |
once every two weeks | 2(10,5) | 0(0) | |
One day per week | 7(36,8) | 6(28,6) | |
3–4 days a week | 9(47,4) | 13(61,9) | |
OKM weight (gram), median(IQR) | 0,022(0,009 − 0,039) | 0,035(0,014 − 0,041) | 0,236 |
Cd level, median(IQR) | 140,948(50,786 − 227,618) | 108,685(60,377 − 176,811) | 0,708 |