Table 1 Patient demographics by presence of suspected depression or a diagnosis of depression in the past 12 months (n = 2953)
From: Relationship between oral health and depression: data from the National Health Survey 2016–2017
Variable | Suspected depression | Diagnosis of depression in the past 12 months | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | p-value | No | Yes | p-value | ||
Age (years) | 43 (30) | 44 (25) | 0.1306 | 43 (28) | 48 (26) | 0.9284 | |
Sex | |||||||
Female | 75.00% | 25.00% | < 0.0001 | 90.16% | 9.84% | < 0.0001 | |
Male | 89.47% | 10.53% | 97.61% | 2.39% | |||
Educational level (years) | |||||||
Less than 8 | 85.73% | 14.27% | 0.4954 | 92.74% | 7.26% | 0.3337 | |
8 to 12 | 81.84% | 18.16% | 93.29% | 6.71% | |||
13 or more | 81.00% | 19.00% | 95.83% | 4.17% | |||
Zone | |||||||
Rural | 82.52% | 17.48% | 0.9529 | 92.84% | 7.16% | 0.5932 | |
Urban | 82.30% | 17.70% | 94.07% | 5.93% | |||
Smoking | |||||||
No | 83.80% | 16.20% | 0.1360 | 94.64% | 5.36% | 0.2382 | |
Yes | 79.11% | 20.89% | 92.39% | 7.61% | |||
How would you rate your overall oral health? | |||||||
Very good/good | 84.06% | 15.94% | 0.2853 | 94.47% | 5.53% | 0.5740 | |
Regular/Bad/Very bad | 80.86% | 19.14% | 93.47% | 6.53% | |||
Do your teeth or prostheses cause discomfort when speaking? | |||||||
Never/almost never/sometimes | 83.34% | 16.66% | 0.0398 | 94.27% | 5.73% | 0.1671 | |
Almost always/always | 75.30% | 24.70% | 91.60% | 8.40% | |||
Do your teeth or prostheses cause pain and suffering? | |||||||
Never/almost never/sometimes | 83.27% | 16.73% | 0.1547 | 94.69% | 5.31% | 0.0838 | |
Almost always/always | 78.43% | 21.57% | 90.8% | 9.20% | |||
Do your teeth or prostheses cause discomfort when eating? | |||||||
Never/almost never/sometimes | 83.59% | 16.41% | 0.0343 | 94.62% | 5.38% | 0.0764 | |
Almost always/always | 76.24% | 23.76% | 90.64% | 9.36% | |||
Do your teeth or prostheses interfere with your daily activities (e.g., work, study, housework)? | |||||||
Never/almost never/sometimes | 83.00% | 17.00% | 0.0910 | 93.98% | 6.03% | 0.7977 | |
Almost always/always | 74.71% | 25.29% | 93.46% | 6.54% | |||
Do your teeth or prostheses interfere with your social relationships? | |||||||
Never/almost never/sometimes | 83.15% | 16.85% | 0.0438 | 94.15% | 5.85% | 0.2499 | |
Almost always/always | 73.98% | 26.02% | 91.72% | 8.28% | |||
Number of teeth | 25 (9) | 25 (9) | 0.7776 | 25 (9) | 24 (10) | 0.4825 | |
Number of teeth with cavitated caries | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 0.4336 | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | ||
Loss of at least one anterior tooth | |||||||
No | 83.25% | 16.75% | 0.3599 | 94.68% | 5.32% | 0.2301 | |
Yes | 80.49% | 19.51% | 92.43% | 7.57% | |||
Denture use | |||||||
No | 83.34% | 16.66% | 0.2273 | 95.18% | 4.82% | 0.0158 | |
Upper | 74.12% | 25.88% | 0.0360 | 87.79% | 12.21% | 0.0148 | |
Lower | 89.22% | 10.78% | 92.90% | 7.10% | |||
Upper and lower | 86.84% | 13.16% | 93.75% | 6.25% | |||