Outcome variables | Time period and smoking type | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 1 month | 6 months | 1 Year | |||||||||
Gingival color | Cig. F (%) | E F (%) | None F (%) | Cig. F (%) | E F (%) | None F (%) | Cig. F (%) | E F (%) | None F (%) | Cig. F (%) | E F (%) | None F (%) |
Red | 20 (100) | 20 (100) | 20 (100) | 2 (10) | 9 (45) | 0 | 4 (21) | 7 (37) | 2 (10) | 5 (25) | 9 (45) | 2 (10) |
Pink | 18 (90) | 11 (55) | 20 (100) | 15 (79) | 12 (63) | 18 (90) | 15 (75) | 11 (55) | 18 (90) | |||
χ2-value; p-value | – | – | – | 6.307; 0.043* | ||||||||
Gingival consistency | 14 (70) | 10 (50) | 17 (85) | 2 (10) | 9 (45) | 0 | 4 (21.1) | 9 (47.4) | 2 (10) | 5 (25) | 10 (50) | 2 (10) |
Edematous firm | 6 (30) | 10 (50) | 3 (15) | 18 (90) | 11 (55) | 20 (100) | 15 (78.9) | 10 (52.6) | 18 (90) | 15 (75) | 10 (50) | 18 (90) |
χ2-value; p-value | 5.70; 0.058 | 14.92; 0.001 | 7.06; 0.029 | 8.04; 0.018* | ||||||||
Plaque index | ||||||||||||
0 | 9 (45) | 7 (35) | 0 | 16 (80) | 13 (65) | 20 (100) | 15 (79) | 13 (68.4) | 18 (95) | 16 (80) | 13 (65) | 19 (95) |
1 | 11 (55) | 13 (65) | 20 (100) | 4(20) | 7 (35) | 0 | 4 (21) | 6 (31.6) | 1 (5) | 4 (20) | 7 (35) | 1 (5) |
χ2-value; p-value | 11.42; 0.003 | 8.24; 0.016 | – | – | ||||||||
BOP | ||||||||||||
Yes | 13 (72) | 13 (76.5) | 16 (88.9) | 3 (15) | 2 (10) | 0 | 5 (26.3) | 9 (47.4) | 2 (10.5) | 6 (30) | 10 (50) | 2 (10) |
No | 5 (28) | 4 (23.5) | 2 (11.1) | 17 (85) | 18 (90) | 20 (100) | 14 (73.7) | 10 (52.6) | 17 (89.5) | 14 (70) | 10 (50) | 18 (90) |
χ2-value; p-value | 1.64; 0.441 | – | – | 7.62; 0.022* |