Fig. 5

TRAP staining was used to detect the osteoclasts (A to C). TRAP-positive osteoclasts (red color) were arrayed along alveolar bone surface. Quantitative analysis was performed on the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts (D). The periodontitis + anti-G-CSF group exhibited a significantly reduced number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts, compared with the periodontitis group. Yellow arrow indicates TRAP-positive osteoclasts. AB: alveolar bone, T: tooth, PL: periodontal ligament. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction