Table 4 Multilevel analysis for factors associated with intention to provide TCC

Java versus outside Java

0.09 (− 0.02, 0.20)

0.11

Public versus private dental school

0.15 (0.03, 0.26)

0.01^a

Clinical versus preclinical program level

−0.03 (− 0.14, 0.09)

0.62

Age

−0.02 (− 0.06, 0.02)

0.36

Female versus male

−0.02 (− 0.14, 0.10)

0.78

Never smoker versus current smoker

0.70 (0.34, 1.06)

< 0.0001^a

Former smoker versus current smoker

0.60 (0.22, 0.98)

0.002^a

TCC is part of dentist’s role

0.10 (0.05, 0.15)

< 0.0001^a

Student’s confidence score

0.17 (0.09, 0.25)

< 0.0001^a

Favorable environment score

−0.20 (−0.27, − 0.13)

< 0.0001^a