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Table 6 Rate ratios (95% confidence intervals in brackets) of tooth loss in multilevel models with random intercept and slope (education) and cross-level interactions between HDI and education 35–44 years old in Brazil, 2010

From: Education and income-based inequality in tooth loss among Brazilian adults: does the place you live make a difference?

Parameters

.

Fixed part

Adjusted Count Ratio (95% CI)*

Individual level variables

 Constant

9.18 (8.42,10.00)

Education (in years of study)

 0 to 4

1

 5–8 years of study

0.87 (0.79,0.95)

 9–11 years of study

0.78 (0.67,0.89)

  > 12 years of study

0.59 (0.48,0.73)

Income (in minimum wages)

 Up to 1

 

 1 to 2.9 minimum wage

0.94 (0.93,0.96)

 3 to 4.9 minimum wage

0.83 (0.80,0.85)

  > 5 minimum wage

0.67 (0.64,0.69)

Contextual factors (Municipalities level)

Municipal Human Development Index

  Low + Medium

1

 High

1.04 (0.90–1.19)

Fluoridation of water supply

  No

 

  Yes

0.85 (0.75–0.96)

Coverage of public oral health services

  Below of goal

1

  Above of goal

1.17 (0.96–1.19)

Cross-level interactions

 HDI#5–8 years of study

0.99(0.89,1.11)

 HDI#9–11 years of study

0.80 (0.66,0.96)

 HDI# > 12 years of study

0.67 (0.51,0.88)

 Median Rate Ratio (MRR)

1.41

  1. Exponentiated coefficients; *Model was adjusted for individual level variables: sex, age group, skin color and time since the last dental visit