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Table 3 Summary of risk of bias assessment

From: Does the rate of orthodontic tooth movement change during pregnancy and lactation? A systematic review of the evidence from animal studies

Study

Signalling questions

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Ghajar et al., 2013 [43]

Unclear

Low

Unclear

Unclear

Low

Unclear

Low

Low

Low

Low

Hellsing and Hammarström, 1991 [44]

Unclear

Low

Unclear

Unclear

Low

Unclear

Low

Low

Low

Low

Kim and Lee, 2000 [45]

Unclear

Low

Unclear

Unclear

Low

Unclear

Low

Low

Low

Low

Macari et al., 2018 [46]

Unclear

Low

Unclear

Unclear

Low

Unclear

Low

Low

Low

Low

  1. 1: Was the allocation sequence adequately generated and applied?; 2: Were the groups similar at baseline or were they adjusted for confounders in the analysis?; 3: Was the allocation adequately concealed?; 4: Were the animals randomly housed during the experiment?; 5: Were the caregivers and investigators blinded to the intervention that each animal received?; 6: Were animals selected at random for outcome assessment?; 7: Was the outcome assessor blinded?; 8: Were incomplete outcome data adequately addressed?; 9: Are reports of the study free of selective outcome reporting?; 10: Was the study apparently free of other problems that could result in high risk of bias?