Table 3 Tooth wear according to the studied variables
From: Tooth wear among five-year-old children in Jakarta, Indonesia
Variables | N | BEWE > 0 No. (prevalence) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Children examined | 691 | 161 (23%) | |
Sex | |||
Male | 370 | 95 (26%) | 0.113 |
Female | 321 | 66 (21%) | |
Frequency of soft drink intake | |||
Less than once every 2 days | 679 | 156 (23%) | 0.129 |
At least once every 2 days | 12 | 5 (42%) | |
Frequency of citrus drink intake | |||
Less than once every 2 days | 590 | 119 (20%) | < 0.001 |
At least once every 2 days | 101 | 42 (42%) | |
Frequency of fruit juice intake | |||
Less than once every 2 days | 527 | 105 (20%) | < 0.001 |
At least once every 2 days | 164 | 56 (34%) | |
Frequency of vitamin C supplement drink intake | |||
Less than once every 2 days | 641 | 138 (22%) | < 0.001 |
At least once every 2 days | 50 | 23 (46%) | |
Frequency of chewing gum consumption | |||
Less than once every 2 days | 34 | 12 (35%) | 0.090 |
At least once every 2 days | 657 | 149 (23%) | |
Methodology used for drinking | |||
Drinking with straw and swallowing immediately | 582 | 131 (23%) | 0.524 |
Drinking from glass and swallowing immediately | 98 | 27 (28%) | |
Swishing before swallowing | 11 | 3 (27%) | |
Frequency of daily toothbrushing | |||
≥ 2 times | 549 | 126 (23%) | 0.670 |
≤ 1 time | 142 | 35 (25%) | |
Socioeconomic status | |||
Low | 348 | 72 (21%) | 0.102 |
High | 343 | 89 (26%) | |
Father’s education level | |||
College or above | 407 | 82 (20%) | 0.064 |
Secondary school | 244 | 68 (28%) | |
Primary school or below | 40 | 11 (28%) | |
Mother’s education level | |||
College or above | 370 | 78 (21%) | 0.129 |
Secondary school | 270 | 66 (24%) | |
Primary school or below | 51 | 17 (33%) | |
Parent’s dental knowledge | |||
High | 206 | 43 (21%) | 0.374 |
Moderate | 435 | 103 (24%) | |
Low | 50 | 15 (30%) | |
Presence of digestive disorders | |||
No | 605 | 140 (23%) | 0.793 |
Yes | 86 | 21 (24%) | |
Dental visit within the last 12 months | |||
Yes | 221 | 48 (22%) | 0.500 |
No | 470 | 113 (24%) | |
Caries experience | |||
No | 121 | 40 (33%) | 0.007 |
Yes | 570 | 121 (21%) | |