Longitudinal association between obesity and periodontal diseases among secondary school students in Hong Kong: a prospective cohort study

Table 2 Longitudinal association between adiposity indices at 15 years and CPI at 18 years through binary logistic regression

Independent Variable	Model 1^a			Model 2^b			Model 3^c
Independent Variable	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
BMI	3.16	1.41, 7.04	0.005**	3.12	1.32, 7.39	0.009**	2.78	1.16, 6.64	0.022*
WC	1.47	0.89, 2.44	0.135	1.57	0.92, 2.69	0.099	1.47	0.85, 2.53	0.166
WHR	1.75	1.05, 2.91	0.031*	1.45	0.85, 2.47	0.170	1.34	0.78, 2.31	0.284
WHtR	1.33	0.80, 2.20	0.269	1.31	0.77, 2.22	0.322	1.17	0.68, 2.01	0.574
TRSKF	1.36	0.82, 2.26	0.228	1.32	0.78, 2.25	0.305	1.27	0.74, 2.18	0.380

CPI community periodontal index, CI conference interval; BMI, body mass index, WC waist circumference, WHR waist-hip ratio, WHtR waist-height ratio, TRSKF triceps skinfold thickness
Dependent variable: CPI at 18 years. Participants were classified by as having ≤50% index teeth with CPI = 0 vs > 50% index teeth with CPI = 0 (event group)
Independent variable: Adiposity indices at 15 years. BMI was used to classify participants into underweight/normal weight group vs overweight/obesity group (reference group). WC, WHR, WHtR, and TRSKF were used to classify participant according to their median values (participants in the upper 50th percentile constitute the reference group)
^aModel 1: Adjusted for gender
^bModel 2: Adjusted for socioeconomic factors (parental employment status and family income) at 15 years
^cModel 3: Fully adjusted model. Model 2 plus behavioral factors (frequency of tooth brushing) at 15 years
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

ISSN: 1472-6831