Table 1 Sample characteristics of the overall sample (n = 597) and S-ECC sub-sample (n = 263)
Variables | All | S-ECC |
|---|---|---|
N = 597 (%) or M (SD) | N (%) or M (SD) | |
Environmental risk factors | N (%) | N (%) |
Drinking water in household | ||
Bottled | 211 (35.4) | 88 (41.7) |
Pipe | 138 (23.2) | 56 (40.6) |
Rain | 41 (6.9) | 22 (53.7) |
Well or other | 206 (34.6) | 96 (46.6) |
Weight at birth | ||
≥ 2500 g | 529 (92.0) | 234 (44.2) |
< 2500 g | 46 (8.0) | 20 (43.5) |
Smoking during pregnancy | 2 (0.4) | 0 |
Secondary smoke (at 1 year) | 158 (26.5) | 76 (48.1) |
Mother with dental cavitation(s) at baseline | 332 (66.5) | 151 (45.5) |
M (SD) | M (SD) | |
Height in cms at 6 months [M, SD] | 64.8 (2.6) | 64.9 (2.4) |
Body Mass Index (BMI) score at 3 years [M, SD] | 20.9 (2.9) | 20.8 (2.9) |
Sociocultural risk factors | N (%) | N (%) |
Mother’s age at child’s birth (in years) | ||
14–19 | 64 (10.7) | 30 (46.9) |
20–24 | 134 (22.5) | 67 (51.0) |
25–48 | 398 (66.8) | 166 (41.7) |
Mother’s schooling at child’s birth | ||
None | 82 (13.8) | 24 (29.3) |
Primary | 184 (31.0) | 99 (53.8) |
High school | 169 (28.5) | 91 (53.8) |
Post-high school | 159 (26.8) | 49 (30.8) |
Household income (in Thai Baht) | ||
0–49,999 | 216 (36.4) | 102 (47.2) |
50,000–99,999 | 116 (19.6) | 69 (59.5) |
100,000–199,999 | 129 (21.8) | 52 (40.3) |
200,000 plus | 132 (22.3) | 37 (28.0) |
Religious affiliation | ||
Muslim and other | 83 (14.0) | 29 (34.9) |
Buddhist | 511 (86.0) | 233 (45.6) |
Single parent | 216 (36.2) | 94 (43.5) |
Family size | ||
2–4 | 230 (38.6) | 109 (47.4) |
5–6 | 233 (39.1) | 108 (46.4) |
7 or more | 133 (22.3) | 45 (33.8) |
Sex of child | ||
Female | 298 (49.9) | 115 (38.6) |
Male | 299 (50.1) | 148 (49.5) |
First child in family | ||
No | 342 (66.0) | 147 (43.0) |
Yes | 176 (34.0) | 84 (47.7) |