Table 2 Oral soft tissue lesions
From: Oral findings in chronic kidney disease: implications for management in developing countries
Characteristics | All | Cases | Controls | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 180 | n = 90 | n = 90,50% | ||
Abnormal lip pigmentation [n (%)] | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Present | 86 (48) | 81 (90) | 5 (6) | <0.001* |
Absent | Â | 9 (10) | 85 (94%) | Â |
Oral Candida infection [n (%)] | 15 (8.3) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 14 (15.5) | 1 (1) | <0.001* |
Absent | Â | 76 (84.5) | 89 (99) | Â |
Macroglossia [n (%)] | 2 (1) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | Â |
Absent | Â | 88 (98) | 90 (100) | 0.497 |
Depapillated tongue [n (%)] | 3 (1.7) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 3 (3.3) | 1 (1) | Â |
Absent | Â | 87 (96.6) | 89 (99) | 0.246 |
Petechial haemorrhage [n (%)] | 10 (5.6) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 10 (11.1) | 0 (0) | <0.001* |
Absent | Â | 80 (89.9) | 90 (100) | Â |
Hyperpigmented mucosa | 12 (7) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 11 (12) | 1 (1) | Â |
Absent | Â | 79 (88) | 89 (99) | 0.005* |
Aphthous ulcers [n (%)] | 2 (1.11) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | Â |
Absent | Â | 78 (88) | 90 (100) | 0.247 |
Pale mucosa [n (%)] | 22 (12) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 22 (24) | 0 (0) | Â |
Absent | Â | 68 (76) | 90 (100) | 0.004* |
Hyperemic mucosa [n (%)] | 13 (7.2) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 13 (14.4) | 0 (0) | Â |
Absent | Â | 77 (85.6) | 90 (100) | <0.001* |
Gingivitis [n (%)] | 175 (97.2%) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 88 (97.7) | 86 (95.5) | Â |
Absent | Â | 2 (2.3) | 4 (3.5) | 1.000 |
Periodontitis [n (%)] | 57 (31.2) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 47 (52) | 10 (11.1) | Â |
Absent | Â | 43 (48) | 80 (88.1) | <0.01* |
Gingivae recession [n (%)] | 39 (21.6) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 35 (38.9) | 4 (4.4) | Â |
Absent | Â | 55 (61.1) | 86 (95.6) | <0.01 |