Table 1 Sociodemographic factors and oral complaints
From: Oral findings in chronic kidney disease: implications for management in developing countries
Characteristics | All | CKD | Controls | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 180 | n = 90 | n = 90 | ||
Average age (SD) | 47.73 (16.1) | 50.39 (15.3) | 45.18 (16.5) | Â |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 108 (60) | 63 (58) | 45 (42) | Â |
Female | 72 (40 | 27 (37.5) | 45 (62.5) | <0.001* |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yoruba | Â | 87 (96.7) | 82 (91.1) | Â |
Hausa | Â | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.1) | Â |
Ibo | Â | 7 (7.8) | 2 (2.2) | 0.064 |
Oral lesions [n (%)] | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Present | 102 (56.7) | 87 (96.7) | 15 (16.7) | Â |
Absent | 78 (43.3 | 3 (3.3) | 75 (83.3) | <0.001* |
Burning mouth [n (%)] | 16 (8.9) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 16 (18) | 0 (0) | <0.001* |
Absent | Â | 74 (82) | 90 (100) | Â |
Abnormal taste [n (%)] | 24 (13.3) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 23 (26) | 1 (1) | <0.001* |
Absent | Â | 67 (74) | 89 (99) | Â |
Bleeding gums [n (%)] | 22 (12) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 21 (23) | 1 (1) | Â |
Absent | Â | 69 (77) | 89 (99) | <0.001* |
Halitosis | 12 (7) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 11(12) | 1 (1) | Â |
Absent | Â | 79(88) | 89 (99) | 0.005 |
Xerostomia | 13 (7.2) | Â | Â | Â |
Present | Â | 11 (2) | 2(2) | Â |
Absent | Â | 79 (88) | 88 (98) | 0.018 |