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Table 2 Differences in gender for trait anxiety, fear of COVID-19, dental fear, frequency and duration of self-contact

From: Anxiety and facial self-contacts: possible impact on COVID-19 transmission in dental practice

  

Gender

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

t

p

d

Sample

Man

Woman

n = 124

n = 64

n = 60

Trait-anxiety

22.6 (18.1)

17.7 (15.7)

27.7 (19.1)

3.15

0.002**

0.56

Dental-fear

19.1 (8.3)

16 (6.7)

22.3 (8.7)

4.46

0.001**

0.80

Fear of COVID-19

17.4 (9.1)

16.3 (8.8)

18.5 (9.2)

1.38

0.171

0.24

Face contact frequency

7.1 (4.8)

6.2 (4.2)

8.2 (5.2)

2.28

0.024*

0.42

Mask contact frequency

4.1 (2.9)

3.6 (2.6)

4.8 (3.1)

2.25

0.026*

0.41

Eyes contact frequency

3 (1.9)

2.6 (1.6)

3.4 (2.1)

2.34

0.021*

0.42

Duration of face contact

0.7 (0.6)

0.5 (0.2)

0.6 (0.3)

2.01

0.047*

0.37

Duration of mask contact

0.4 (0.4)

0.3 (0.1)

0.3 (0.1)

1.97

0.051

0.33

Duration of eye contact

0.2 (0.1)

0.2 (0.1)

0.2 (0.1)

2.00

0.048*

0.34

  1. *Significant at the 0.05 level
  2. **Significant at the 0.01 level
  3. SD = Standard deviation. d de Cohen; Effect size small ≈ 0.20; Effect size medium ≈ 0.50; Effect size large ≈ 0.80