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Table 2 Descriptive statistics of patients-centered variables at one day after first orthodontic archwire insertion in the two groups using visual analog scales (n = 16 for each group)

From: Evaluation of the levels of pain and discomfort of piezocision-assisted flapless corticotomy when treating severely crowded lower anterior teeth: a single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial

Variable

Group

Mean

SD

SEM

Min

Q1

Median

Q3

Max

Pain

Exp.

32.06

15.92

3.86

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

70.00

Control

21.76

12.62

3.06

5.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

50.00

Discomfort

Exp.

28.82

18.67

4.53

10.00

10.00

20.00

40.00

70.00

Control

23.53

14.87

3.61

5.00

10.00

20.00

35.00

50.00

Swelling

Exp.

26.18

12.44

3.02

10.00

15.00

30.00

37.50

50.00

Control

13.82

12.20

3.44

0.00

2.50

10.00

20.00

40.00

Mastication

Exp.

33.82

22.47

5.45

5.00

20.00

30.00

45.00

70.00

Control

20.59

13.79

3.35

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

50.00

Swallowing

Exp.

4.71

3.10

2.42

0.00

0.00

0.00

20.00

20.00

Control

4.11

1.72

0.71

0.00

0.00

0.00

10.00

10.00

Limitation

Exp.

22.06

12.88

3.12

5.00

10.00

20.00

35.00

40.00

Control

17.06

7.21

1.95

0.00

0.00

0.00

15.00

60.00

  1. Exp. experimental group, SD Standard Deviation, SEM Standard Error of the mean, Min minimum, Q1 first quartile, Q3 third quartile, Max maximum