From: The association between nutritive, non-nutritive sucking habits and primary dental occlusion
 | Incisor relationship | Canine relationship | Molar relationship | Overjet | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p-value | Class II incisor vs Class I incisor | Class III incisor vs Class I incisor | p-value | Class II canine vs Class I canine | Class III canine vs Class I canine | p-value | Bilateral Flush vs Bilateral Mesial step | Bilateral Mesial step vs Bilateral Distal step | p-value | Overjet > 3.5 mm vs non overjet > 3.5 mm | ||||||||
 | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |  | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |  | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |  | OR | 95% CI | |
Frequency of pacifier use | 0.490 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.108 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.168 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.495 | Â | Â |
 Daily |  | 1.292 | 0.837–1.996 | 0.981 | 0.543–1.773 |  | 1.656 | 1.016–2.699 | 1.204 | 0.515–2.813 |  | 1.508 | 0.860–2.647 | 1.688 | 0.926–3.077 |  | 1.191 | 0.720–1.970 |
 Non-daily |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – |
Frequency of thumb/digit sucking | 0.008* | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.036* | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.622 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.000* | Â | Â |
 Daily |  | 2.237 | 1.290–3.877 | 0.765 | 0.287–2.044 |  | 2.595 | 1.117–6.025 | 1.806 | 0.215–5.478 |  | 1.182 | 0.536–2.607 | 1.494 | 0.671–3.325 |  | 2.879 | 1.624–5.101 |
 Non-daily |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – | 1 | – |  | 1 | – |