Table 2 Characteristics of the included studies
From: Effect of protraction facemask on the temporomandibular joint: a systematic review
Author | Inclusion criteria | Number | Orthopedic force | Diagnostic means | Observation period | Drop outs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mandall (2010) and Mandall (2012) | Anterior crossbite; Skeletal class III | PFM/RME (n = 35); Control (n = 38) | 400 g, 30°, 14 h/day | Cephalometric analysis; Occlusal measurement; TMJ examination | 15 m | 4 |
3 y | 10 | |||||
Kurt (2010) | Skeletal class III; Angle Class III; Anterior crossbite | PFM (n = 17); Control (n = 13) | 400 g, 14 h/day | RDC/TMD | 6 m | 0 |
Baccetti (1998) and Franchi (1998) | European-American ancestry; Early or late mixed dentition; Angle Class III | PFM (n = 46); Control (n = 32) | 400 g, forward and downward, Full-time basis except during meals | Cephalometric Analysis | 11 ± 4 m | 0 |
Baccetti (2000) | European-American ancestry; Early or late mixed dentition; Angle Class III | PFM/RME (n = 29); Control (n = 53) | 400 g, forward and downward, 14 h/day | Cephalometric Analysis | Not reported | 0 |
Baccetti (1999) | European-American ancestry; Early or late mixed dentition; Angle Class III | PFM/RME (n = 23); Control (n = 17) | 400 g, forward and downward, Full-time basis except during meals | TPS analysis | PFM/RME: 1 ± 0.41y control: 1.9 ± 1 y | 0 |
Chang (2006) | Chinese ancestry; Maxillary deficiency | PFM (n = 30); Control (n = 30) | 300-600 g, 12 h/day | TPS analysis | 9.5 m | 0 |
Franchi (2014) | Anterior cross-bite; Angle Class III | PFM/RME (n = 25); Control (n = 16) | 400-500 g, 30°, 14 h/day | TPS analysis | 9.3 ± 2.2 y | 0 |
Lee (2016) | Skeletal Class III; Maxillary deficiency; Anterior crossbite; Angle Class III | PFM (n = 18) | 450 g, 15–30°, 16 h/day | CBCT | 10.8 ± 2.4 m | 0 |
Gallagher (1998) | Skeletal class III; Anterior crossbite | PFM/SME (n = 22) | 300-400 g, forward and downward | Cephalometric Analysis | 9 m | 0 |
EI (2010) | Angle Class III; Maxillary deficiency; No functional anterior cross-bite | PFM (n = 18); Control (n = 16) | 300-350 g, 20–25°, 14-16 h/day | MPI recordings | 8.06 ± 1.63 m | 0 |
Gong (2014) | Skeletal class III | PFM/RME (n = 15) | 500 g, 30°, 10 h/day | CT | Not reported | 0 |
Yao (2001) | Skeletal class III; TMD | PFM (n = 19) | 500 g, 14 h/day | Bilateral Xray films of Schuller’s position | 10.3 m | 0 |
Ngan (1997) | Skeletal class III; Anterior crossbite | PFM (n = 10) | 380 g, 30°, 12 h/day | masticatory muscle pain; EMG activities | Not reported | 0 |