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Table 4 Generalized estimating equation analysis, with responses from CWS regressed upon PDHP’s reasons for reporting, adjusted analysis*                                                  

From: Reasons for reported suspicion of child maltreatment and responses from the child welfare - a cross-sectional study of Norwegian public dental health personnel

 

CWS has opened an investigation and taken measures

CWS has opened an investigation and dropped the case

CWS has opened an investigation, but no further information has been given

CWS has not opened an investigation, case dropped

CWS has not given any feedback at all

PDHP’s reason for reporting to CWS

OR (95% CI)

 P

OR (95% CI)

 P

OR (95% CI)

 P

OR (95% CI)

 P

OR (95% CI)

 P

Did not attend/was not brought

0.667 (0.469–0.949)

.024

1.282 (0.829–1.980)

.264

1.522 (0.948–2.444)

.082

1.603 (0.822–3.125)

.166

1.323 (0.875–2.001)

.184

Grave caries

1.628 (1.148–2.309)

.006

0.904 (0.607–1.346)

.620

1.076 (0.675–1.713)

.759

0.684 (0.399–1.172)

.167

1.192 (0.838–1.697)

.329

Lack of hygiene

1.069 (0.755–1.514)

.707

0.834 (0.506–1.374)

.475

1.105 (0.643–1.899)

.717

0.702 (0.310–1.587)

.395

1.201 (0.812–1.775)

.359

Suspicion of neglect

1.649 (1.190–2.285)

.003

0.793 (0.499–1.259)

.326

0.967 (0.570–1.639)

.900

0.557 (0.259–1.197)

.134

1.249 (0.871–1.791)

.226

Interaction with parents/guardians

0.944 (0.648–1.377)

.767

1.092 (0.619–1.927)

.761

1.156 (0.674–1.985)

.598

1.079 (0.486–2.394)

.852

1.030 (0.687–1.545)

.885

Abnormal behavior in the child

1.392 (0.938–2.068)

.101

0.498 (0.284–0.847)

.015

1.779 (1.025–3.088)

.041

0.788 (0.220–2.819)

.714

0.838 (0.543–1.291)

.422

Treatment refusal

0.875 (0.587–1.305)

.513

1.270 (0.742–2.172)

.384

0.820 (0.507–1.327)

.420

1.134 (0.462–2.781)

.784

1.113 (0.746–1.661)

.599

Gingivitis

1.411 (0.908–2.192)

.126

0.955 (0.506–1.804)

.888

0.948 (0.430–2.091)

.895

0.780 (0.105–5.776)

.808

0.935 (0.569–1.537)

.792

Suspicion of physical abuse

1.352 (0.693–2.638)

.376

0.984 (0.403–2.402)

.972

0.687 (0.295–1.599)

.384

0.952 (0.278–3.264)

.938

1.601 (0.778–3.297)

.202

Suspicion of sexual abuse

1.979 (1.047–3.742)

.036

0.878 (0.327–2.359)

.797

0.755 (0.280–2.035)

.579

No numbers

 

0.870 (0.431–1.756)

.698

Suspicion of psychological abuse

0.783 (0.343–1.788)

.562

0.996 (0.384–2.580)

.993

1.188 (0.525–2.685)

.679

2.286 (0.777–6.730)

.133

1.211 (0.684–2.144)

.512

Trauma

1.613 (0.645–4.035)

.307

1.353 (0.347–5.271)

.663

2.358 (0.859–6.474)

.096

No numbers

 

0.507 (0.139–1.846)

.303

Wounds, lesions or other oral finds

0.831 (0.241–2.867)

.770

No numbers

 

1.659 (0.453–6.079)

.445

No numbers

 

1.669 (0.752–3.703)

.208

Dentist (dental hygienist is reference)

0.623 (0.425–0.916)

.016

0.866 (0.564–1.331)

.511

1.414 (0.807–2.476)

.226

0.870 (0.402–1.884)

.724

1.337 (0.855–2.092)

.203

Other

0.821 (0.388–1.739)

.606

0.975 (0.458–2.074)

.948

1.568 (0.683–3.854)

.327

No numbers

 

1.362 (0.603–3.074)

.458

  1. * Mutually adjusted estimates; adjustments were made for PDHP’s reasons for reporting and PDHP’s specific occupation