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Fig. 5 | BMC Oral Health

Fig. 5

From: Influence of the lateral pterygoid muscle on traumatic temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis

Fig. 5

a and b Histological sections of the normal temporomandibular TMJ complexes (coronal section analysis). a The normal histological features of the TMJ complexes are illustrated (Van Gieson staining). Te: temporal bone, Ad: articular disc, Co: condylar process. b The fibrocartilage layer on the top surface of the condyle can be differentiated into five layers: fibrous, proliferative, hypertrophic, calcified, and trabecular layers, marked as f, p, h, c, and b (Van Gieson staining). ce Histological section of the control TMJ complexes at 12 weeks afyer surgery (coronal section analysis). c Fibro-osseous ankylosis in the control group (Van Gieson staining). Te: temporal bone, Ad: articular disc, Co: condylar process. d The joint space is composed of abundant neoformative cartilaginous matrix, cartilage cells (red arrow) and a small amount of fibrous tissue (Van Gieson staining). e Neoformative endochondral ossification (black arrow) can be seen (Van Gieson staining). fh Histological section of the experimental TMJ complexes at 12 weeks after surgery (coronal section analysis). f The joint space is filled with abundant fibrous tissue (Van Gieson staining). Te: temporal bone, Ad: articular disc, Co: condylar process. g There are very few cartilaginous cells and little matrix in the joint space. The joint space is filled with considerable fibrous tissue, with partial fibrous adhesion between the glenoid fossa and articular disc (white arrow; Van Gieson staining). h Regeneration and remodeling are shown in the fractured segment. The fibrous layer adjacent to the fracture site is thicker, and new cartilage cell clusters are seen in the hypertrophic layer (yellow arrow; Van Gieson staining)

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