Fig. 3From: Cleansing effect of acidic L-arginine on human oral biofilmDestabilization of oral biofilms by acidic L-arginine. Cleansing effect of saline, 10 mM citrate (pH3.5) or L-arginine in 10 mM citrate (pH3.5) on established biofilms using human saliva alone (a) or human saliva mixed with S. mutans GS5 (1 % v/v) (b) was examined. The human saliva-derived biofilms were prepared in microwell. After washing with the test reagents, the sustained biofilms were stained with crystal violet. The numbers indicate the IDs of volunteers. Saline, 10 mM citrate (pH3.5) and acidic L-arginine (pH3.5) are indicated by blue, red, and green columns, respectively. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and the statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. The p-values less than 0.05 were considered to be significantBack to article page