Figure 1From: Investigating the biological properties of carbohydrate derived fulvic acid (CHD-FA) as a potential novel therapy for the management of oral biofilm infections CHD-FA reduces ECM and compromises cell membrane structure. S. mutans (x2000) and E. faecalis (x5000) biofilms were either untreated (A and C, respectively) or treated with 0.5% (v/v) CHD-FA (B and D, respectively) for 24Â h on Thermanoxâ„¢ coverslips. These were then processed and viewed on a JEOL JSM-6400 scanning electron microscope and images assembled using Photoshop software. Note the reduction in extracellular matrix (B) and perturbation of bacterial cell membranes (D), denoted by arrows on sessile cells.Back to article page